The Pacific Region ERAF provides a comprehensive approach for assessing all threats to marine ecosystems by evaluating cumulative risk from multiple activities to multiple ecosystem components for ecosystem-based management (EBM), improving upon international and national best practices in risk assessment that focus solely on single activities (e.g., ERAFs for assessing fisheries impacts) or single ecosystem-components (e.g., habitat-based risk assessments). This project applies the Level 2 Risk Assessment framework (O et al. 2015) to the SGaan Kinghlas-Bowie Seamount Marine Protected Area (SKB MPA) to determine the relative risk to the SKB MPA ecosystem from anthropogenic activities.
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CSV File |
Description |
References |
|
Species SEC Scoping |
A list of species derived from published records of species observed
at or within the vicinity of SK-B MPA. The six ERAF Scoping Criteria were
scored based on: role in the SK-B ecosystem, uniqueness and sensitivity (i.e.
many deep water species are found at much shallower depths at SKB MPA, and
shallow species are found at deeper depths creating an ecosystem unique to
SK-B, and it was important that differences were captured in the species
list). The authors acknowledge that this is an incomplete list as additional
video data was not processed in time for this phase of the risk assessment.
Species selected for inclusion in the Risk Assessment are indicated by a
"1" in the "Include?" column. This table was last updated in December 2012 and video data collected
by DFO Science in 2011 was not processed in time to be included in the list. *Note: for the purposes
of this species information database, some text in the “Ecological
Justification” column may be copied directly from abstracts and reports –
please consult original references provided for the citation. |
Compiled from: McDaniels et al. 2003, Canessa et al. 2003, Yamanaka 2005, Yamanaka and Brown
1999. Corresponds to Sections 2.1 (Methods), 3.1 (Results) and Appendix B in
the Research Document. |
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SEC-Stressor Interactions |
List of all possible SEC-Activity/Stressor interactions. A “1” indicates a possible negative
interaction between SEC and stressor, a “0” indicates no negative interaction
is expected. The number of 1’s in this
file should equal the number of data rows in the SEC Risk Scoring Table. Note: “Introduction of foreign
material” was excluded from the risk assessment because it can have a
positive effect on benthic community (only negative interactions are scored
in the ERAF). The Rockfish Species Assemblage and Benthic Invertebrate Assemblage
(Community SECs) were not scored in the risk assessment (see Section 3.1.1.3
for discussion). Both communities are represented by other Species SECs
selected. |
Corresponds to Sections 2.2.1 (Methods), 3.2.1 (Results), and Appendix
G in the Research Document. |
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SEC Risk Scoring Table |
This table can be used directly in the associated R script to estimate
risk to each SEC, cumulative risk across all stressors by SEC and potency of
each stressor across all SECs. The
script can also reproduce the figures found in the research document. |
Corresponds to Sections 2.2.2 (Methods), 3.2.2 (Results), and
Appendices E and H in the Research Document. |
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SEC Risk Scoring Rationale |
This file lists the justifications and references used to arrive at
the risk scores for each SEC’s risk terms in the risk assessment. |
Corresponds to Sections 3.2.2 (Results) and Appendices F and G in the
Research Document. |
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SEC Recovery Factors |
This file summarizes the Recovery Factor scores (with an estimate of
uncertainty) along with justification to support the score. |
Corresponds to Appendix C in the Research Document. |
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Column Headings |
Description |
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Category |
Main species classification (e.g. Genus): Birds, Fish, Invertebrates, Macrophytes, Marine Mammals, Phytoplankton, Sharks and
Rays. |
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Sub-Category |
Species sub-classification (e.g. Family): specific to each classification. |
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Species |
Latin species name, where possible. Some species were not identified to this
taxonomic level (marked as [unid] or unidentified
species). |
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Common name |
Common names are provided where available. |
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Feeding/Ecological Guild |
Provided where possible. One or more of: Filter feeder, Primary
producer, Primary consumer, Secondary consumer, Tertiary consumer, Top-level
consumer. |
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ERAF1: Nutrient Importer/exporter |
Research document Table 1: Species criteria from O
et al. (2015), and how they were applied to SK-B MPA. |
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ERAF2: Specialized/ Keystone role |
Research document Table 1: Species criteria from O
et al. (2015), and how they were applied to SK-B MPA. |
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ERAF3: Habitat creating species |
Research document Table 1: Species criteria from O
et al. (2015), and how they were applied to SK-B MPA. |
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ERAF4: Rare, unique or endemic species |
Research document Table 1: Species criteria from O
et al. (2015), and how they were applied to SK-B MPA. |
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ERAF5: Sensitive species |
Research document Table 1: Species criteria from O
et al. (2015), and how they were applied to SK-B MPA. |
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ERAF6: Depleted species |
Research document Table 1: Species criteria from O et
al. (2015), and how they were applied to SK-B MPA. |
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Scoping Score |
Sum of the ERAF1-ERAF6 criteria assessments. Higher scoping score can
be used to highlight candidate Species SECs. |
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Include in ERAF? |
Indicates species that were included as Species SECs |
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Listing |
Identifies when species have been assessed and/or listed under SARA,
COSEWIC, IUCN and/or BCCDC conservation status criteria. |
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Ecological justification/Notes |
Justification, observations and references to inform the scoping assessment. |
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References |
Published references to support the ecological justification and
scoping assessment. |
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Column Heading |
Description |
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SEC.Type |
One of: Species, Habitat or
Community |
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SEC |
Significant Ecosystem Component
name. (2.1.1.) |
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Activity |
Primary activity, one of:
Fishing, Research or Vessel Traffic (2.1.2.) |
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Sub-Activity |
Activity-specific tasks used to
help identify relevant stressors. |
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Stressor |
Stressor name (2.1.2.) |
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Interaction |
SEC-stressor interactions to be
considered for risk scoring are indicated by a “1”. Non-negative or non-existent interactions
are indicated by a “0”. (2.2.1.) |
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Column Heading |
Description |
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SEC.Type |
One of: Species, Habitat or Community |
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SEC |
Significant Ecosystem Component name (2.1.1.) |
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Activity |
Primary activity (2.1.2.) |
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Sub.Activity |
Activity-specific tasks used to help identify relevant stressors. |
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Stressor |
Stressor name (2.1.2.) |
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Area |
Extent of SEC-stressor areal overlap (estimated as a percent). (2.2.2.) |
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U_area |
Uncertainty associated with estimation of SEC-stressor areal overlap. |
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Depth |
Extent of SEC-stressor depth overlap (estimated as a percent, score
binned). (2.2.2.) |
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U_depth |
Uncertainty associated with estimation of SEC-stressor depth overlap. |
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Temporal |
Extent of SEC-stressor temporal overlap (estimated as a percent, score
binned). (2.2.2.) |
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U_temp |
Uncertainty associated with estimation of SEC-stressor temporal
overlap. |
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Intensity |
Estimation of intensity
(amount, level, effort or density) of the activity/stressor (measured as a
percent, score binned). (2.2.2.) |
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U_int |
Uncertainty associated with estimation of stressor intensity. |
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Intensity2 |
Estimation of frequency at which the stressor occurs (measured in occurrences
per year (e.g., one occurrence in 100 years or annually, score binned).
(2.2.2.) |
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U_int2 |
Uncertainty associated with estimation of stressor frequency. |
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AcuteChange |
The percent change in:
the population-wide mortality rate of a species SEC; OR, the loss of area and
productive capacity of a habitat SEC; OR, the percentage of species impacted
for community/ecosystem SEC, when exposed to a given stressor. Score binned
on a 0-3 scale. (2.2.2.) |
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U_ac |
Uncertainty associated with estimation of acute change. |
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ChronicChange |
The percent change in:
long-term fitness (including condition and genetic diversity) of a species
SEC; OR the percent change in structural integrity, condition, or loss of
productive capacity of a habitat SEC; OR, the percentage of functional groups
impacted for a community/ecosystem SEC. Score binned on a 0-3 scale. (2.2.2.) |
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U_cc |
Uncertainty associated with estimation of chronic change. |
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MaxAge |
Maximum age; specifically for fish SECs. Research document Appendix C,
Table C.1. |
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U_ma |
Uncertainty associated with maximum age assessment. |
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MaxSize |
Maximum size; specifically for fish SECs. Research document Appendix C,
Table C.1. |
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U_ms |
Uncertainty associated with maximum size assessment. |
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vonBert |
Von Bertalanffy growth coefficient (k);
specifically for fish SECs. Research document Appendix C, Table C.1. |
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U_vb |
Uncertainty associated with von Bertalanffy
growth coefficient calculation. |
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AgeMat |
Age at sexual maturity/recovery time. Research document Appendix C,
Table C.1 (Species) and C.2 (Habitat). |
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U_am |
Uncertainty associated with age at maturity assessment. |
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LifeStage |
Life stage. The life stage(s)
affected by a stressor. If a stressor affects individuals/habitats before
they have the opportunity to reproduce, recovery is less likely. Research
document Appendix C, Table C.1 (Species) and C.2 (Habitat). |
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U_ls |
Uncertainty associated with assessment of life stages affected. |
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PopConn |
Population/habitat connectivity. Based on spatial patchiness of
distribution, degree of isolation, and potential dispersal capability.
Research document Appendix C, Tables C.1 (Species) and C.2 (Habitat). |
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U_pc |
Uncertainty associated with assessment of population connectivity. |
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NatMort |
Natural (instantaneous) mortality rate. Populations/habitats with
naturally higher instantaneous mortality rates likely have higher recovery
rates. Research document Appendix C, Table C.1 (Species) and C.2 (Habitat). |
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U_nm |
Uncertainty associated with mortality rate assessment. |
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Listed |
Identifies species with a status assessment from SARA, COSEWIC, IUCN
and/or BCCDC. Research document Appendix C, Table C.1. |
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U_list |
Uncertainty associated with status assessment listing. |
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Fecundity |
Fecundity. The population-wide average number of offspring produced by
a female each year. Research document Appendix C, Table C.1. |
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U_fec |
Uncertainty associated with fecundity assessment. |
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Column Heading |
Description |
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SEC.Type |
One of: Species, Habitat or Community |
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SEC.No |
SEC number (for ordering purposes during analyses) |
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SEC |
Significant Ecosystem Component name (2.1.1.) |
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Activity |
Primary activity (2.1.2.) |
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Sub.Activity |
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Stressor |
Stressor name (2.1.2.) |
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Risk Component |
Identifies which term in the risk equation the variable belongs
to. One of: Exposure1 [overlap],
Exposure2 [intensity], Resilience. (2.2.2.) |
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Var |
Risk equation term. One of: a, d, t, i, i2,
ac, cc. See table 1.3.3 (above) for descriptions. |
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Scoring Rationale |
Justification to support score selection and uncertainty estimation. |
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References |
Published literature associated with scoring rationale. |
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Column Heading |
Description |
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SEC.Type |
One of: Species, Habitat or Community |
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SEC.No |
SEC number (for ordering purposes during analyses) |
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SEC |
Significant Ecosystem Component name (2.1.1.) |
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RFNo. |
Recovery factor number (for ordering purposes during analyses) |
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Recovery factor |
Recovery factor (aligns with columns in the SEC Risk Scoring Table).
One of: Fec, Recruit, NatMort,
AgeMat, LifeStage,
Connect, Listed, MaxAge, MaxSize,
VonB, NatDisturb, Range. |
|
Score |
Score based on [1,3] scale. |
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Uncertainty |
Uncertainty estimate on [1,5] scale. |
|
Available Data |
Brief summary of available data. |
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References |
Published literature to support available data. |
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Scored |
Indicates recovery factors that have been scored (1) versus those that have
not been scored (0). |
O, M., Martone, R., Hannah, L., Grieg, L., Boutillier, J., and Patton, S. 2015. An Ecological Risk
Assessment Framework (ERAF) for Ecosystem-based Oceans Management in the Pacific
Region. DFO Can. Sci. Advis.
Sec. Res.
Doc. 2014/072. vii + 59 p.